star name arabic
In Europe, during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, many ancient star names were copied or translated incorrectly by various writers, some of whom did not know the Arabic language very well. Sufi, al-, Abu al-Husayn ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Thompson, Gary D., “An Annotated Bibliography of Studies of Occidental Constellations and Star Names to the Classical Period”. The goat. Arabic name of a star in the Canis Majora constellation. Thuraya/The Little Abundant One (ath-thuraya) The Asterism (an-najm) The most honored star grouping in the sky, Thuraya was often called “the Asterism/Star.” The name “thuraya” is very old. As a result, the history of a star's name can be complicated. BETELGEUSE: This is the name of the second brightest star in the constellation Orion, and one of the largest stars known; if it were put in place of our own sun, its outer surface would reach Mars. The brightest stars in the sky of Earth are also the ones with the most ancient names. Some of the Arabic names were already so many centuries old that their meanings were lost even to al-Sufi and his contemporaries, and they remain unknown today. King and George Saliba. Ali: The surname Ali means someone ‘high’, ‘lofty’, or a ‘champion’. The scorpion. Most important task is giving a name to the baby that would be parents usually do. Maristela f Portuguese, Spanish (Rare) From the title of the Virgin Mary, Stella Maris, meaning "star of the sea" in Latin. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1975. International Astronomical Union, IAU, “Buying Star Names”. All Rights Reserved. Arabic name Scientific star name Edasich: adh-Dhikh: the Hyena: الذّيخ Iota Draconis: El Nath: an-Naṭḥ: the butting (of the bull's horns) النطح Beta Tauri: Eltanin/ Etamin/ Etanin (properly: Raseltinnin) at-Tinnin: the Great Serpent: التنين Gamma Draconis: Enif: al-Anf: the Nose (of Pegasus) الأنف Epsilon Pegasi: Errai: ar-Rāʿī: the Shepherd: الراعي The flank "The forehead" of the lion. Heavenly Skies. [2], [1st & main body of Draco* as observed in the past by the Arabs, also nicknamed الْرُّبَع ar-Rubaʽ], [2nd sector of Draco* as observed in the past by the Arabs], "Star Names: Where Do They Come From? These cookies do not store any personal information. 21 (1986): pp. Means "star" in Arabic. End of the river. However, this happened often in a highly corrupted form that either changed the meaning, or in extreme cases gave birth to words with no meaning at all. Muslim astronomers adopted some of these as proper names for stars, and added names from traditional Arabic star lore, which they recorded in various Zij treatises. Some stars in the table may have more than one Arabic name, such as: Gamma Gem, Eta UMa, Beta Cet, Lambda Ori, Alpha Psc, Beta Ori, Alpha And. Discover the golden age of Muslim civilisation. Most other names of stars inherited from the past have Greek, Latin or Chinese labels. This list does not contain all documented star names in the Arabic nomenclature. I: Die arabischen Übersetzungen. Frankfurt: IGAIW, 1986. A major contribution in this field is that of al-Sufi (10th century). 56-81. Join hundreds of thousands of students, teachers and parents worldwide today! Thus the brightest star in Lyra, Vega (an Arabic proper name), becomes Alpha of Lyra or Alpha Lyrae (where “Lyrae” means “of Lyra”). The name is a corruption of Arabic yad al-jawzā , meaning "hand of the central one." This Website MuslimHeritage.com is owned by FSTC Ltd and managed by the Foundation for Science, Technology and Civilisation, UK (FSTCUK), a British charity number 1158509. Built on the basis of the Greek astronomical heritage, the work of al- Sufi contained a listing of the Arabs’ own star names, magnitudes determined by al-Sufi himself, and two drawings of each constellation, one as it is seen in the sky and one reversed right to left as it would appear on a celestial globe. Both works, probably composed in Spain, contain a handful of Arabic star names whose form has remained unchanged down to the present day, including Aldebaran, Algol, Alhabor (an alternate name for Sirius), Rigel and Vega. Ibn al-Salah, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Zur Kritik der Koordinatenüberlieferung im Sternkatalog des Almagest. Online here (2001-2007). It is an abbreviation of the Arabic phrase النسر الطائر (the right, first word having forms from Al Nesr, ranging to An-nisr) Al-ta'ir, "the flying (eagle) ".. Ptolemy’s catalogue of stars arranged into 48 constellations, with estimates of their brightness, based largely on the observations of the Greek earlier astronomers, such as Hipparchus. Astra means ‘star’ in Greek. They are a part of the collective cultural heritage of humanity. International Astronomical Union, IAU Commission 5, “Star names: history”, by Marion Schmitz, Chair of IAU Working Group on Designations. The leading expert on star names in Islamic astronomy, the German historian Paul Kunitzsch, has identified two traditions of star names in Muslim heritage. Vega), but otherwise the vast majority of stars have alphanumeric designations — consisting of an acronym plus either an index number or celestial position (e.g. His famous Book of Fixed Stars was translated into Latin and had a major influence in Europe since the 13th century, both by its textual descriptions and pictures. Comment. The Cornish Steren, also meaning “star”, is a steelier alternative. Be the first to rate this post. In the following, we present a list of Arabic Star Names. Most other names in … But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Quite a lot of prominent stars bear Arabic names, in which al corresponds to the article “the” and often appears in front, e.g., Algol, “The Ghoul.” Its inclusion has become somewhat arbitrary over time. Many of the Arabic-language star descriptions in the Almagest came to be used widely as names for stars. When the Arabic texts were translated into Latin beginning from the 12th century, the Arabic tradition of star names was passed down to the Latin world. 238-251. Because of the prominent role of Muslim astronomers during the Islamic Golden Ages, many of the stars that have been named, actually have an Arabic name. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1986 (edition and German translation of two Arabic versions of the stars catalogue included in Books VII and VIII of the Almagest). First thought came to my mind after reading this question: Mostly the Middle Eastern travelers were Arabs. Kunitzsch, Paul and Smart, Tim, Short Guide to Modern Star Names and Their Derivations. Edited by David A. The same with Altair and Aldebaran and many, many others. Sitara: A beautiful Urdu name related to the Persian Setareh or Setare “star”. Known by the name Acrab - derived from al-Aqrab (the scorpion) in Arabic - the star appears on the Brazilian flag, symbolizing the state of Maranhão. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. It was officially approved by the International Astronomical Union’s (IAU) Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) on August 21, 2016. Gingerich, Owen, “Zoomorphic Astrolabes and the Introduction of Arabic Star Names into Europe”, in From Deferent to Equant. Astronomical map - Astronomical map - Star names and designations: Of approximately 5,000 stars visible to the unaided eye, only a few hundred have proper names, and fewer than 60 are commonly used by navigators or astronomers. Very old star names originated among people who lived in the Arabian Peninsula more than a thousand years ago, before the rise of Islam. Its inclusion has become somewhat arbitrary over time; several of these names are given elsewhere with or without the Al-prefix. Audio. α Aquilae (Latinised to Alpha Aquilae) is the star's Bayer designation.The traditional name Altair has been used since medieval times. Sufi, al-, Abu al-Husayn ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Beirut: Daar al-Afaq al jadida, 1981. References:- The first is the traditional star folklore of the Muslim peoples which he has named “indigenous-Arabic”, the second being the scientific Islamic Arabic tradition, which he designates “scientific-Arabic”. Star Names. The claw. Kunitzsch, Paul, Über eine anwa’-Tradition mit bisher unbekannten Sternnamen. Der Sternkatalog des Almagest: Die arabisch-mittelalterliche Tradition. Kunitzsch, Paul, “Abd al-Malik Ibn Habib’s Book on the Stars.” Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamisch Wissenschaften vol. Means "of the sea", taken from the Latin title of the Virgin Mary, Stella Maris, meaning "star of the sea". Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1959. Some bright stars have proper names, with mostly Arabic, Greek, or Latin etymologies (e.g. the Tail. Dover reprint, 1963; revised edition (first edition in 1899). Hence, several star names of Arabic origin are given elsewhere with or without the al-prefix. najam superstar, leading, luminary. Sidra: This surprisingly international name lays claim to several different origins, from Arabic to Hebrew to Latin, in which it is derived from sidereus “of the stars”. New York: New York Academy of Science, 1987, pp. Some star names may be composites of Arabic and Latin words, such as: Alula Australis (Xi UMa). Ptolemy’s book was translated twice into Arabic in the 9th century and became famous. Zubdet ut Tevarih by Lokman, 1583 / Topkapi Palace Museum / … Arabic names are used in the Arab world, as well as some other regions within the larger Muslim world. Kunitzsch, Paul, “On the Medieval Arabic Knowledge of the Star Alpha Eridiani.” Journal for the History of Aarabic Science vol. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. There, in one of the densest regions of the sky, you may recognize the brilliant red star that is known today as Aldebaran (alpha Tauri). The names in this generator will seem rather odd if you're not familiar with star names, but a lot of star names are odd if you don't consider they've been derived from Latin or Arabian. Quite a lot of prominent stars bear Arabic names, in which al corresponds to the article “the” and often appears in front, e.g., Algol, “The Ghoul.” Its inclusion has become somewhat arbitrary over time. He observed that the ecliptic plane is inclined with respect to the celestial equator and more accurately calculated the length of the tropical year. Other names were mistakenly transferred from one star to another, so that a name might even refer to a different constellation (Greek or Arabic) rather than to the one of the star’s actual residence. Hinckley Allen, Richard, Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning. Star Names List. Wikipedia, “List of Arabic star names”. Ptolemy used a strategy of "figure reference" to identify stars according to their position within a familiar constellation or asterism (e.g., "in the right shoulder of The Hunter"). ‘Umar, Kitab suwar al-kawakib al-thamaniya wa-‘l-arba’in (Book of the images of the forty-eight stars). Alya: This … Kunitzsch, Paul, The Arabs and the Stars. He identified the Large Magellanic Cloud, which is visible from Yemen, though not from Isfahan in the centre of Iran where he worked; it was not seen by Europeans until Magellan’s voyage in the 16th century. More Arabic words for star. Online here. Jordanian Astronomical Society, The “Arabic star names”. 9 (1994): pp. Texts and Traditions on the Fixed Stars and their Influence in Medieval Europe. A Turkish name, meaning ‘from the moon’. The lucky star of Nashirah (un-translated). Kunitzsch, Paul, Claudius Ptolemus. Independent stars and constellations are shown with their name in boldface, with the number of stars in parentheses after the names. 263-267. Islamic astronomers, such as Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi, had an important role in the process of our knowledge of astronomy. A Volume of Studies on the History of Science in the Ancient and Medieval Near East in Honour of E.S. And Can You Buy One? Names. Vol. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004. The letters are usually assigned to the stars in the order of their brightness within a given constellation.
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